Introduction

• Background: The COVID-19 pandemic underscored the critical need for affordable and accessible video conferencing solutions to support remote and hybrid learning environments. While platforms such as Zoom, Microsoft Teams, and Google Meet are effective, they can be expensive and demand robust infrastructure. This research proposes developing a cost-effective video conferencing solution utilizing Arduino and other low-cost components to facilitate hybrid active learning classrooms. Traditional video conferencing systems can be expensive and complex. As a flexible and low-cost microcontroller, Arduino can offer a solution tailored to educational needs (1).
• Problem Statement: Numerous schools and educators encounter difficulties in accommodating students who are unable to attend in person due to various genuine reasons. There is a pressing need for a solution that is both user-friendly and seamlessly integrated into existing educational frameworks (2).

Who is affected and surrounding context: Students: Particularly those who don’t have access to high-quality video conferencing tools.Teachers: Who need reliable and easy-to-use tools to conduct classes effectively.Educational Institutions: Especially those with limited budgets that cannot afford expensive video conferencing systems.