ID;Projekttitel;Projekttype;Frascati;Tema;Teaser;Status;Ejer;" - Akademi";" - Kontaktperson";Nat./Int.;Projektperiode;Projektbeskrivelse;" - Projektresumé";" - Baggrund og formål";" - Aktiviteter og handling";" - Projektets Metode";" - Projektets Forventede Resultater";" - Projektets Forventede Effekt";Tags;Deltagere;" - Studerende";" - Medarbejdere";" - Virksomhedsrepræsentanter";" - Andre";Partnere;Finansiering;" - Intern";" - Ekstern";Resultat;Evaluering;Formidlingsform;" - Resultatets formidling";" - Resultaternes værdi";" - Målgruppen";" - Vidensprodukter" ;"Entrepreneurs’ Culture, Networking, Gender and Education Affect Their Exporting: A Cross National Comparison";"Anvendt forskning og udvikling";Ja;"Business | Entreprenørskab";"This study tested hypotheses about the effect of entrepreneurs' networking, gender, education and culture on exporting";Afsluttet;;"IBA Erhvervsakademi Kolding";"Mahdokht Sedaghat Adjunkt mase@iba.dk 72118200";Internationalt;"01. august 2013 - 31. december 2014";;"Entrepreneurs’ exporting is embedded in their advisory networks, culture, gender and education. The main hypotheses are that networking, gender, education and culture affect exporting in the way that networking affects exporting positively; gender affects exporting, in the way that male have more exporting than female; education affects exporting in the way that educated entrepreneurs have more exporting than less educated entrepreneurs; and culture affects exporting in the way that secular- rational culture benefits exporting more than traditional culture. These hypotheses are tested with a representative sample of 23,508 entrepreneurs in 53 countries surveyed in Global Entrepreneurship Monitor and national level data on culture from the World Values Survey. Hierarchical linear mixed modeling shows that networking, secular-rational culture and education affect exporting positively while gender has no effect on exporting. Education, secular-rational culture and gender (male) reinforce the effect of networking on exporting.";;;"The method for analyzing the data is quantitative. For testing hypotheses, hierarchical mixed linear modeling in SPSS has been used.";;;;;;"Peter Waring Lei | IBA Erhvervsakademi Kolding";;;;;;;"By using data collected from 23,508 entrepreneurs in 53 countries from the Global Entrepreneurship Monitor and World Values Survey in 2009-2011, seven hypotheses were investigated. This study tested hypotheses about the effect of entrepreneurs’ networking, gender, education and culture on exporting, and also the moderating effects of gender, education and culture on the effect of networking on exporting. Hierarchical mixed linear modeling shows that networking affects exporting positively, supports the first Hypothesis; this means that entrepreneurs with extended networks, export more. Gender has no effect on exporting so does not supports Hypothesis 2. This means that there is no gender difference on exporting. Education affects exporting positively, supports Hypothesis 3; meaning that more educated entrepreneurs have more exporting than less educated entrepreneurs. Culture affects exporting positively, supports fourth Hypothesis; so secular- rational culture benefits exporting more than traditional culture. Interaction effect of network and gender is significant and positive; meaning that entrepreneurs’ gender moderates the effect of networking on exporting, in the way that male entrepreneurs’ networking benefit exporting more than female entrepreneurs; supports Hypothesis 5. Interaction effect of network and education is significant and positive, meaning that entrepreneurs’ education moderates the effect of networking on exporting, in the way that educated entrepreneurs’ networking benefit exporting more than less educated entrepreneurs, supports Hypothesis 6. Interaction effect of network and culture is significant but negative; it means that the effect of entrepreneurs’ networking on exporting is different in the way that the effect of entrepreneurs’ networking on exporting in traditional culture is more than secular- rational culture. Other characteristics of entrepreneurs like their self-efficacy, opportunity perception, motivation and proprietorship effect exporting positively.";;;;;;Workingpaper;